



Magnetars are neutron stars with the strongest magnetic fields known in the Universe, observed as high-energy galactic sources. The formation of these objects is one of the most studied scenarios to explain some of the most violent explosions: superluminous supernovae, hypernovae, and gamma-ray bursts. In recent years, our team has succeeded in numerically reproducing magnetic fields of magnetar-like intensities by simulating dynamo amplification mechanisms that develop in the proto-neutron star during the first seconds after the collapse of the progenitor core. However, most observational manifestations of magnetars require the magnetic field to survive over much longer timescales (from a few weeks for super-luminous supernovae to thousands of years for Galactic magnetars). This thesis will consist of developing 3D numerical simulations of magnetic field relaxation initialized from different dynamo states previously calculated by the team, extending them to later stages after the birth of the neutron star when the dynamo is no longer active. The student will thus determine how the turbulent magnetic field generated in the first few seconds will evolve to eventually reach a stable equilibrium state, whose topology will be characterized and compared with observations.

