Among the various qubit technologies, photonic qubits represent a highly promising approach to the development of quantum computers capable of solving problems beyond the reach of the most powerful supercomputers. The core of photonic quantum computing processors relies on the generation, manipulation, and detection of single photons. In this context, this PhD project at CEA-LETI aims to develop a new generation of high-performance single-photon detectors, offering not only high detection efficiency and low noise, but also photon-number-resolving capabilities, i.e., the ability to discriminate between 0, 1, 2, or more incident photons. This functionality is essential for implementing quantum error correction codes and ultimately enabling the transition from physical qubits to logical qubits. The research will focus on the design of innovative detector circuit architectures, the fabrication of integrated prototypes in CEA-LETI's 200 mm cleanroom, and their experimental characterization at cryogenic temperatures. This work will contribute to the development of a strategic technology for next-generation photonic quantum computers.