Rare earths (REE) are widely used in high technology, and demand for REE is set to double over the next 30 years. The selective extraction and recycling of REE has a triple challenge: economic, technological and ecological. Currently, less than 1% of REEs are recycled. What's more, extraction methods are tedious and polluting. They require several stages with acids or solvents. The discovery in 2011 of enzymes that naturally use light REE has opened up new prospects. The development of biosourced methods could be a key element in unlocking current selectivity and extraction barriers. This thesis is part of the biotechnologies of tomorrow theme. The aim of this thesis is to acquire fundamental data on the molecular mechanism of a biological system for selective TR perception in order to take advantage of it for the development of selective chelating architectures. To do this, a screen based on the use of fluorescent reporters that respond specifically to certain TRs will be used. Cell biology, biochemistry, and in silico analysis techniques using artificial intelligence tools will be used to accomplish this project. The results obtained will identify: 1) the molecular mechanism of TR detection, 2) the factors influencing selectivity, and 3) the development of selective chelating architectures based on 1) and 2).